Cyber Security Checklist for SMEs

Cyber security doesn’t have to be complicated. By covering these key areas, you can safeguard your business against online threats and keep your operations running smoothly.

Use this checklist to assess your current cybersecurity practices and identify where improvements are needed.

This blog was originally published to the website of Orca, who are now the Chorley branch of FluidOne.

1. Employee Training

Question: Are your staff regularly trained to spot and prevent cyber threats? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Your employees are your first line of defence. Cybercriminals often exploit human error, using tactics like phishing or social engineering to infiltrate systems. Regular training empowers your team to identify and avoid these threats, significantly reducing your risk.

2. Access Control

Question: Do employees only access the data and systems they need for their role? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Overly broad access increases the chances of sensitive information being leaked—whether by accident or malicious intent. By implementing strict access controls, you ensure that employees only have access to the information they need, helping to prevent unauthorised breaches.

3. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Question: Are critical accounts secured with MFA? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: MFA adds an additional layer of security. Even if an attacker obtains login credentials, they’ll need the second factor—such as a code sent to a mobile device or a fingerprint scan—to gain access. This drastically reduces the likelihood of unauthorised access.

4. Data Encryption

Question: Is your sensitive business data encrypted? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Encryption scrambles data into unreadable formats, ensuring that even if it’s intercepted or stolen, it cannot be easily deciphered. This is particularly important for protecting sensitive client information, financial records, and intellectual property.

5. Regular Backups

Question: Do you back up important files regularly and securely? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Data loss can occur due to ransomware, hardware failure, or even accidental deletion. Regular, secure backups ensure you can quickly recover critical files and maintain business continuity in the face of such incidents.

6. Incident Response Plan

Question: Do you have a clear, tested plan for responding to a cyberattack? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Having a well-defined incident response plan helps minimise damage and downtime when a cyberattack occurs. A tested plan ensures your team knows their roles, enabling swift action to contain the breach and reduce long-term impact.

7. Vulnerability Checks

Question: Do you routinely scan for security gaps or weaknesses? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Cyber threats evolve constantly. Routine vulnerability assessments or penetration testing help identify weaknesses in your systems, enabling you to address them before cybercriminals exploit them.

8. Software Updates

Question: Is your software, including operating systems and apps, always up-to-date? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Outdated software is a common entry point for cyberattacks. Regular updates and patch management close known security gaps, keeping your systems protected from emerging threats.

9. Security Settings

Question: Are your systems and devices configured with security in mind? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Misconfigured systems can leave you exposed to unnecessary risks. Ensure your firewall, antivirus, and privacy settings are properly set up to create a secure environment for your business operations.

10. Email Awareness

Question: Are you and your team cautious about suspicious links, attachments, and emails? (Yes / No)

Why it matters: Phishing remains one of the most common and effective attack methods. Teaching your staff to recognise and avoid suspicious emails can prevent a significant number of breaches before they occur.

Next Steps: Act Now to Secure Your Business

✔ Review your answers. If you’re not answering “Yes” to most of these questions, it’s time to prioritise cyber security improvements.

✔ Seek professional advice. Partnering with a trusted cyber security expert can help you develop a tailored strategy to address vulnerabilities and build robust defences.

✔ Stay proactive. Cyber security is not a one-off task—it requires ongoing attention and adaptation to keep up with emerging threats.

By addressing these core areas, you can reduce the risk of cyber incidents and protect your business from the financial and reputational harm they can cause.